Washing Away Cancer

Heman, 16, invented a bar of soap that can heal damaged skin. 

Heman has always been fascinated by science.

As you read, ask yourself: What are some challenges Heman has overcome?

When Heman Bekele was a little boy in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, he saw laborers working in the hot sun. As he got older, his parents explained the importance of protecting his skin from the sun. After Heman moved with his family to Fairfax, Virginia, he remembered those lessons. 

“As I started learning more about skin cancer, it just struck a nerve,” he says. As a budding scientist, Heman had a thought: What if he could invent a simple, affordable treatment for skin cancer?

After years of trial and error, with many disappointments along the way, Heman did just that. Today his skin cancer-fighting soap is undergoing testing to make sure it’s safe and effective for people to use. 

Heman says it hasn’t always been easy getting people to take him seriously as an inventor. But his persistence and determination paid off—and he wants other teens to dream big too. Here’s Heman’s story.

A Global Problem

Heman has always loved science. As a kid, he invented potions and performed scientific experiments. Over time, he began connecting his interest in science with his memories of seeing outdoor laborers in Ethiopia. He knew that they, like all people who spend a lot of time in the sun without protection, were at risk of developing skin cancer. “I tried to learn as much about skin cancer as possible,” he says.

According to the American Academy of Dermatology, skin cancer is the most common type of cancer in the United States. The risk of getting it is higher for lighter-skinned people, but it can still be very dangerous for those with darker skin. According to the World Cancer Research Fund, skin cancer is the 17th most common form of cancer worldwide. 

If detected early, skin cancer is often highly treatable. But treatment can be expensive. Left untreated, some forms of skin cancer can spread to other organs, leading to a higher chance of death. 

When Heman learned how expensive skin cancer treatment can be, he decided to try to find an alternative. “I wanted to create a more affordable treatment,” he says. “I realized it could be something that’s a universal product, like a bar of soap.”

Heman went through many bars of soap while making his product.

The Big Idea

Heman was 11 when he got the idea to create a soap to treat skin cancer. “At that age, it’s hard to be taken seriously,” he says. And he wasn’t sure how to make his idea a reality. He learned about imidazoquinolines, a type of chemical already being used in creams to treat skin cancer. 

Heman wondered if it would be possible to add this chemical to soap. Soap, he reasoned, is cheap to produce and is used by everyone. 

First he figured out a way that the compound could remain on the skin even after the user washed off the suds. Next he submitted his idea to the 3M Young Scientist Challenge, a national science competition for students in grades 5 through 8. When he was selected as a finalist, he knew his idea had real potential. 

It was time to involve some experts. Heman started reaching out to scientists he admired. At first, he received a lot of rejections. “As much as it hurt when I got a no, it motivated me as well,” he says. He eventually found scientists who were willing to help. 

In the fall of 2023, Heman traveled with his mom to Minnesota, where the 3M company is based. After spending a few days with the other finalists, he gave a presentation on his cancer-fighting soap. The judges were impressed. Heman was named the 2023 America’s Top Young Scientist and took home $25,000 to go toward his research. 

Expanding His Mission  

After winning the 3M Challenge, Heman connected with a professor at Johns Hopkins University named Vito Rebecca, who invited Heman to work in his lab over the summer. They injected mice with strains of skin cancer, then applied different versions of the soap. “We had to make a lot of bars of soap, because we did a lot of trials,” Heman says. 

After Heman returned home to Virginia, he was named Time magazine’s 2024 Kid of the Year. Did his classmates make a big deal about the honor? At first, yes. “But it’s high school,” Heman says, laughing. “People get over things really quickly.”

Looking Beyond Soap

Today Heman is thinking about the future. He’s conducting clinical trials for his soap and is working toward Food and Drug Administration certification, which signals that a new product is safe and effective. But he’s also focused on his new organization, Care for All, which works to get teens involved with the fight for accessible and affordable health care. “To see people my age develop empathy about accessible health care is amazing,” he says.

Heman also plays chess and trombone, does Model UN, and is on his school’s basketball and track and field teams. He’s starting to think about college. In the meantime, he wants to encourage other teens to pursue their dreams, no matter how ambitious. “A lot of times at a young age, we get shut down for our big ideas,” says Heman. “But you have to take a shot and go for it.”

Reflection prompt: Have you ever had a hard time getting an idea taken seriously because of your age? Write a paragraph about what the idea was and how adults reacted to it.

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